What is a common criticism of the eugenics movement?

The criticism of the eugenics movement for relying on unfounded racial superiority theories is grounded in the historical context and ethical implications of its principles. The eugenics movement, which gained prominence in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, was largely rooted in pseudoscientific beliefs that certain races were inherently superior to others. This ideology was not supported by rigorous scientific evidence but rather stemmed from social prejudices and misconceptions about heredity and human worth.

This reliance on racial superiority led to numerous harmful policies, including forced sterilizations, marriage restrictions, and the marginalization of entire groups based on race or perceived genetic fitness. Critics argue that this misguided belief in racial hierarchies contributed to widespread discrimination and social injustices, which have had lasting impacts on affected communities. The focus on supposed biological determinism overshadowed the complexity of human behavior and the role of social, environmental, and cultural factors.

In contrast, the other options presented do not accurately reflect widely recognized criticisms of the eugenics movement:

• Promoting beneficial social reforms and emphasizing collaboration across communities are not associated with the eugenics movement. Indeed, the movement often fragmented communities and enacted socially divisive policies.

• The assertion that it was based on sound scientific